2019 NICE女性尿失禁和盆腔器官脱垂管理指南(下)

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2019 NICE 女性尿失禁和盆腔器官脱垂管理指南(下)
2019 年 4 月,英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所(NICE)发布了女性尿
失禁和盆腔器官脱垂的管理指南,主要内容涵盖了年龄≥18 岁女性尿
失禁和盆腔器官脱垂的评估和管理,同时也包含相关手术并发症的管理。
本指南内容分两次报道,现为第二部分,主要内容为盆腔器官脱垂的评
估、非手术疗法和外科疗法。
盆腔器官脱垂的评估
For women presenting in primary care with symptoms or an
incidental finding of vaginal prolapse: Take a history to
include symptoms of prolapse, urinary, bowel and sexual
function. Do an examination to rule out a pelvic mass or other
pathology and to document the presence of prolapse. Discuss
the woman's treatment preferences with her, and refer if
needed.
对于在初级保健中出现症状或偶然发现阴道脱垂的女性:请记录包括脱
垂、尿路、肠道和性功能症状。进行检查以排除盆腔肿块或其他病状,
并记录脱垂的存在。与患者讨论其治疗偏好,如果需要的话可以参考。
For women referred to secondary care for an unrelated
condition who have incidental symptoms or an incidental
finding of vaginal prolapse, consider referral to a clinician with
expertise in prolapse.
对于二级医疗机构出现偶发阴道脱垂无法治疗的女性,请转诊到脱垂专
科医疗机构。
For women who are referred for specialist evaluation of
vaginal prolapse, perform an examination to: assess and
record the presence and degree of prolapse of the anterior,
central and posterior vaginal compartments of the pelvic floor,
using the POP-Q (Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification)
system. Assess the activity of the pelvic floor muscles. Assess
for vaginal atrophy. Rule out a pelvic mass or other
pathology.
转诊至阴道脱垂专科机构的女性,请进行以下检查:使用 POP-Q(盆
腔器官脱垂量表)评估,并记录盆底前、中、后阴道腔室脱垂的存在情
况和严重程度。评估盆底肌肉活动。评估阴道萎缩程度。排除盆腔肿块
或其他病状。
For women with pelvic organ prolapse, consider using a
validated pelvic floor symptom questionnaire to aid
assessment and decision making. Do not routinely perform
imaging to document the presence of vaginal prolapse if a
prolapse is detected by physical examination. If the woman
has symptoms of prolapse that are not explained by findings
from a physical examination, consider repeating the
examination with the woman standing or squatting, or at a
different time.
对于盆腔器官脱垂女性,请使用经验证的盆底症状问卷帮助评估和决策。
如经体检发现脱垂,切勿例行影像检查以证实阴道脱垂的存在。如果女
性有脱垂症状,但不能用体检结果解释,可考虑再次检查,让女性站立
或蹲下,或在不同时间点检查。
Consider investigating the following symptoms in women with
pelvic organ prolapse: urinary symptoms that are bothersome
and for which surgical intervention is an option. Aymptoms of
obstructed defaecation or faecal incontinence. Pain.
Symptoms that are not explained by examination findings.

标签: #尿失禁

摘要:

2019年4月英国NICE发布了女性尿失禁和盆腔器官脱垂管理指南本文为第二部分导读涉及盆腔器官脱垂的评估、非手术及外科疗法。评估方面对于初级保健中出现阴道脱垂症状女性要记录症状进行检查并讨论治疗偏好必要时转诊;二级医疗机构出现偶发症状女性应转诊到脱垂专科机构;转诊至专科机构的女性需用POPQ评估脱垂情况评估盆底肌肉活动、阴道萎缩程度排除其他病状;可使用盆底症状问卷辅助评估无需例行影像检查症状与体检结果不符时可再次检查还要研究相关症状。非手术疗法需综合考虑女性偏好、脱垂部位等因素。建议BMI指数超30kgm的女性减肥减轻日常负重预防或治疗便秘。POPQ评分1期或2期的症状性脱垂女性首选盆底肌肉训练至少16周。症状性脱垂女性可考虑用阴道子宫托必要时转诊到泌尿妇科医疗机构治疗前要治疗阴道萎缩向患者解释相关事项。外科疗法方面要向考虑手术治疗的无尿失禁前壁或后壁脱垂女性解释术后风险;无保留子宫意愿的脱垂女性有多种术式可选;希望保留子宫的脱垂女性也有多种方案但未来有生育意愿者除外。

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